ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and fruits Citrus paradisi plant on HepG-2 liver cell lines by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-terazolium bromide) assay and to isolate and characterize the antiproliferative compounds by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and FT-IR (Fourier transforms Infrared) spectroscopy. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were performed to detect phytochemicals compounds from the crude extracts. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were characterized by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. The results showed that antioxidant activity using DPPH were found to be increased in a concentration dependent manner and decreased cell viability and cell growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner. The findings from this study indicated that fruit extract exhibited good antiproliferation and antioxidant potential. The seven functional groups of phytocompounds such as carboxylic acid, amine salt, aromatic compounds, cyclic alkene, aldehyde, fluoro compounds and alkene were detected by FT-IR which indicated that fruit extracts of Citrus paradisi possessed vast potential as a medicinal drug especially in liver cancer treatment.
Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade antiproliferativa in vitro do extrato etanólico de folhas e frutos da planta Citrus paradisi em linhagens de células hepáticas HepG-2 por MTT (3- (4, 5-dimetil-2-tiazolil) -2, Ensaio de brometo de 5-difenil-2H-terazólio) e isolar e caracterizar os compostos antiproliferativos por espectroscopia de TLC (cromatografia de camada fina) e FT-IR (infravermelho com transformadas de Fourier). Testes qualitativos de triagem fitoquímica foram realizados para detectar compostos fitoquímicos nos extratos brutos. A atividade antioxidante dos extratos vegetais foi caracterizada pelo método de eliminação de radicais livres DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil). Os resultados mostraram que a atividade antioxidante usando DPPH aumentou de uma maneira dependente da concentração e diminuiu a viabilidade celular e a inibição do crescimento celular de uma maneira dependente da dose. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que o extrato de fruta exibiu bom potencial antiproliferação e antioxidante. Os sete grupos funcionais de fitocompostos, como ácido carboxílico, sal de amina, compostos aromáticos, alceno cíclico, aldeído, compostos de flúor e alceno, foram detectados por FT-IR, o que indicou que extratos de frutas de Citrus paradisi possuíam vasto potencial como medicamento, especialmente no tratamento de câncer do fígado.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and fruits Citrus paradisi plant on HepG-2 liver cell lines by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2Hterazolium bromide) assay and to isolate and characterize the antiproliferative compounds by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and FT-IR (Fourier transforms Infrared) spectroscopy. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were performed to detect phytochemicals compounds from the crude extracts. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were characterized by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. The results showed that antioxidant activity using DPPH were found to be increased in a concentration dependent manner and decreased cell viability and cell growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner. The findings from this study indicated that fruit extract exhibited good antiproliferation and antioxidant potential. The seven functional groups of phytocompounds such as carboxylic acid, amine salt, aromatic compounds, cyclic alkene, aldehyde, fluoro compounds and alkene were detected by FT-IR which indicated that fruit extracts of Citrus paradisi possessed vast potential as a medicinal drug especially in liver cancer treatment.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade antiproliferativa in vitro do extrato etanólico de folhas e frutos da planta Citrus paradisi em linhagens de células hepáticas HepG-2 por MTT (3- (4, 5-dimetil-2-tiazolil) -2, Ensaio de brometo de 5-difenil-2H-terazólio) e isolar e caracterizar os compostos antiproliferativos por espectroscopia de TLC (cromatografia de camada fina) e FT-IR (infravermelho com transformadas de Fourier). Testes qualitativos de triagem fitoquímica foram realizados para detectar compostos fitoquímicos nos extratos brutos. A atividade antioxidante dos extratos vegetais foi caracterizada pelo método de eliminação de radicais livres DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil). Os resultados mostraram que a atividade antioxidante usando DPPH aumentou de uma maneira dependente da concentração e diminuiu a viabilidade celular e a inibição do crescimento celular de uma maneira dependente da dose. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que o extrato de fruta exibiu bom potencial antiproliferação e antioxidante. Os sete grupos funcionais de fitocompostos, como ácido carboxílico, sal de amina, compostos aromáticos, alceno cíclico, aldeído, compostos de flúor e alceno, foram detectados por FT-IR, o que indicou que extratos de frutas de Citrus paradisi possuíam vasto potencial como medicamento, especialmente no tratamento de câncer do fígado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Citrus paradisi , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Cell Line , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Phytochemicals , AntioxidantsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the hydrodistillated essential oil and various extracts obtained from Premna integrifolia Linn. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil was resulted in determination 29 different compounds, representing 95.73% of total oil. Antioxidant activities of the essential oil and organic extracts of chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were determined by three different test systems namely DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The essential oil and methanol extract showed potent antioxidant activity among all the tested samples. Furthermore, the amount of total phenolic compounds was determined and its content in methanol extract was the highest as compared to other samples. The results indicate that the essential oil and extracts of Premna integrifolia could serve as an important bio-resource of antioxidants for using in the pharmaceutical industries.
ABSTRACT
The research work was involved in rapid and efficient procedure for the attachment of barbituric acid with arylidene acetophenone under microwave irradiation (MWI) and conventional heating. The result showed that the time was reduced from the conventional 24 hours to 5-10 minutes. In conventional heating, the yield of the compounds 2a-2e were very poor (75-81%), but in MW methods the yields were observed 96.48-98% which was comparatively too high. The structures of the compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectral data. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the synthesized compounds were also investigated. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed the zone of inhibition were 6-12 mm where sample concentration was 100 μg/disc. However, cytotoxic analysis, the mortality 47-95% were appeared when sample concentration were 0.78-25 (μg/ml) and more than 50 (μg/ml) concentration showed 100% mortality. The presence of a reactive and unsaturated ketone function in synthesized compounds was found to be responsible for their potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity.
ABSTRACT
An experiment involving four qualities of irrigation water two sugar beet and three sweet sorghum cultivars was conducted in a split plot design with four replications at Rudasht Drainage and Reclamation Experiment Station in 1999. The results showed salinity of water has an adverse effect on sugar beet and sweet sorghum biomass. Sweet sorghum cultivar SSV108 had the lowest biomass under all qualities of irrigation water Sweet sorghum cultivar Rio had the maximum biomass with water qualities of 2, 5, and 8 dS m(-1). Sugar beet cultivar 7233 had the maximum biomass with 11 dS m(-1). The effect of irrigation water quality was not significant for sugar characteristics such as brix, pol and purity. However, responses of cultivars on the above parameters were significant and sugar beet cultivars had higher brix, pol and purity and lower invert sugar and starch than sweet sorghum cultivars. In conclusion, sweet sorghum cultivars are not recommended to be irrigated with saline water of more than 8 dS m(-1) for sugar production. Under such condition, they may be suitable to be grown for forage purposes.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Beta vulgaris/growth & development , Biomass , Carbohydrates/analysis , Rivers , Salinity , Sorghum/growth & development , Water SupplyABSTRACT
To study the effects of quality of water on soil and plant, an experiment was conducted at Rudashat Drainage and Reclamation Experiment Station in 1999. Four irrigation water salinities (2, 5, 8 and 11 ds m(-1)) and two sugar crops (sugar beet and sweet sorghum) were used in this experiment. The results showed that under the same water quality, sweet sorghum used 2700 cubic meter per hectare less water than sugar beet. As the quality of irrigation water decreased, the soil salinity and exchangeable sodium percent increased which caused yield reduction for both plants. Sugar beet by accumulating Na and Cl in its leaves tolerated salinity but its usage as a forage crop caused some limitations, whereas sweet sorghum by not accumulating Na and Cl escape salinity and it can be used as a forage crop without any limitation.
Subject(s)
Agriculture/methods , Analysis of Variance , Beta vulgaris/growth & development , Iran , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Sodium Chloride/analysis , Sorghum/growth & development , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
The diseases that occur during Hajj are a unique medical problem. The aim of this study is to highlight the incidence, the type and the early surgical management of trauma during the Hajj period. A prospective study was carried out during a 15 day-period conducted in two parts in the emergency room, and a follow-up of the admitted patients in the surgical department. The number of trauma cases who attended the emergency department was 713 patients, 248 patients were admitted in different surgical departments, together with the intensive-care unit. Sixty-five% of the patients were discharged from emergency room as they had minor trauma. Sixty% were involved in road traffic accidents, 15% had injuries in Holy Haram. Limb fracture accounts for 53% of total trauma admissions. Two patients died in the first 48 hours. Trauma during Hajj is a real surgical problem which deserves more attention. Orthopedic and Neurosurgical cases are the most common surgical cases during the Hajj period
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Accidents , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Treatment , Intensive Care UnitsABSTRACT
In the evaluation of patients with agina-like chest pain but with insignificant obstructive coronary artery disease, it is important to exclude myocardial ischemia from coronary artery vasospasm. Hyperventilation, like ergonovine and acetylcholine, can also induce myocardial ischemia and its clinical expressions by provoking coronary vasospasm. A possible mechanism for hyperventilation induction of coronary vasospasm is from promotion of an intracellular influx of calcium ions, induced by the alkalotic state, which then stimulates the vascular contractile process, leading to coronary vasospasm. Fifteen patients with anginal-like chest pain [at least one attack per day] were studied. A hyperventilatory ischemic electrocardiographic changes were reported in 11 patients [73.3%] while a hyperventilatory chest pain was reported in 9 patients [60%]. All the positive responses were reported in the posthyperventilation phase or phase II and ventricular ectopics were seen in one patient [6.6%] during the hyperventilation phase, but neither infarction nor arrest have been reported. The hyperventilation test is an alternative diagnostic tool in evaluating patients with angina-like chest pain of unknown etiology and is an effective alternative diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of active coronary vasospasm, especially when spontaneous electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischernia, either silent or with chest pain, is not obtained
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Coronary Vasospasm/diagnosis , Hyperventilation , Myocardial Ischemia , Diagnosis, Differential , Coronary Disease , ElectrocardiographyABSTRACT
Pattern VEP record have been recorded for a group of patients with thyrotoxicosis whose central field and peripheral field records were analysed according to standard parameters of VEP for each record. These records were also compared to subjective perimetry results done for the patients using the Goldmann hemispherical perimeter. Results reflected definite changes in central field and peripheral field records and suggest that VEP is a simple objective method for the diagnosis of the preclinical states of thyrotoxicosis patients and for assessing thyroid optic neuropathy